Misalignment effects on the performance and stability of x-ray free electron laser oscillator

Misalignment effects on the performance and stability of x-ray free electron laser oscillator

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We report on the effects of transverse spatial misalignment on the performance and stability of x-ray free electron laser oscillators (XFELOs).For this study, we adopt the FEL driven paraxial resonator model in which the transverse profile of the radiation field is represented by Gauss-Hermite mode expansion.Then, we apply Gaussian optics for transporting the radiation field along with royal nomadic 5413 rug the misalignment in the optical cavity.We divide guerlain ideal cologne the misalignment into relevant categories of static and periodic types to understand their effects on FEL gain, lasing, and saturation.

After that, we associate the first order moments of the radiation field to that of driven simple harmonic oscillator models to identify regions of instability.Throughout this report, we validate our models and analyses via theoretical calculations, analytical approximations, and simulations.